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SCIENTIFIC AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Consider the following passage and answer the questions that follow accordingly. Humans may have reached northern Europe (including England) 200 000 years earlier than previously thought. Stone tools found in England suggest that early humans were there 700 000 years ago. The stone tools were discovered at a site in Suffolk. The tools have been dated using several methods. Firstly, the magnetic polarity of iron-containing minerals in the sedimentary rocks where the tools were found is aligned north-south, just as it is today. Since the Earth’s magnetic field underwent a polarity reversal 780 000 years ago, the site must be younger than that. The tools were found beneath glacial ice deposits laid down during a period 450 000 years ago when the region was blanketed in ice, so they must be older than this. Also present at the site were fossils of a water vole Mimomys, which was superseded by another vole species called Arvicola around 500 000 years ago. A new amino-acid dating techniqu